This comparative dataset compiles electricity-related death estimates from accidents and air pollution.

It reports much higher death rates for fossil electricity than for nuclear electricity per unit generated.

The numbers are about 24.6 deaths per terawatt-hour for coal, 18.4 for oil, and about 0.03 for nuclear.

This peer-reviewed Lancet review compared health impacts across major electricity sources.

It considered deaths and broader health effects from normal operation and accidents.

Coal showed the highest burden, while nuclear was among the lowest in the comparative analysis.

This Environmental Research study used atmospheric modeling and exposure-response methods to estimate deaths from fossil-fuel fine-particle pollution.

It estimated about 8.7 million premature deaths worldwide in 2018 attributable to fossil-fuel air pollution.

This large ongoing harm from fossil fuels is central to why fossil electricity is often rated less safe than nuclear.

The World Health Organization reports that air pollution is one of the largest environmental health risks.

Its global estimate is around 7 million deaths per year from household and ambient air pollution combined.

Because coal and oil combustion are major air-pollution sources, this supports the conclusion that fossil-energy systems impose larger routine health risks.

UNSCEAR is the United Nations body that assesses radiation science for policymakers.

In its Fukushima assessments and later updates, it reported no observed adverse health effects among residents that could be directly attributed to radiation exposure from the accident.

This contrasts with the large and continuous health burden from routine fossil-fuel air pollution.

WHO published a post-accident health-risk assessment for Fukushima using measured contamination and exposure scenarios.

The report concluded that expected future risk increases were generally low for the broader population.

It noted that higher estimated relative increases were mainly for the most exposed subgroups in specific locations.

IAEA''s Chernobyl synthesis describes major immediate and regional impacts, especially for emergency workers and highly contaminated areas.

Its public summary cites projections in the thousands of eventual deaths among the highest exposed groups.

Even with this severe accident history, routine global harms attributed to coal and oil air pollution are much larger year after year.

This peer-reviewed analysis modeled avoided emissions from electricity that came from nuclear rather than fossil fuels.

The authors estimated about 1.84 million deaths were prevented worldwide between 1971 and 2009 due to reduced air pollution.

The study also estimated large avoided greenhouse-gas emissions from nuclear generation.

The Joint Research Centre prepared a technical assessment for the European Commission under the EU taxonomy process.

It reviewed lifecycle health and environmental impacts of nuclear against other low-carbon technologies.

Its conclusion was that available evidence did not show nuclear causing more harm than comparable low-carbon options.

IPCC AR6 mitigation assessments compare lifecycle emissions across energy technologies.

Nuclear is in the low-emission range, while coal and oil are much higher.

Lower lifecycle emissions and lower combustion pollution are key reasons low-carbon electricity systems, including nuclear, are associated with lower long-term health harm.